over time repetitive axial loading will increase

By using this website, you agree to our Under an axial load a member in tension lengthens, a member)Tj 0 -1.14 TD 0.0002 Tw (in compression shortens and deformation due to shear is usually not significant for design)Tj 0 -1.16 TD (purposes. 2003; Masuoka et al. :U+-p"=jSt!87P4!=&b$!8@V` )Tj ET 0.501 w 111.309 330.471 m 127.556 330.471 l 140.865 330.471 m 220.661 330.471 l S BT /F9 1 Tf 11.998 0 2.639 12.034 91.094 327.368 Tm (d)Tj 11.998 0 0 12.034 101.374 327.368 Tm 1.9145 Tc [(==)-5296.9(=)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 0.9427 0.6276 TD 0 Tc (PL)Tj -0.0156 -1.3906 TD (EA)Tj 13.362 0.763 TD (in)Tj /F3 1 Tf -9.7318 0.6276 TD [(1000)-823(0)-250(5)]TJ -1.2109 -1.3906 TD [(29000000)-823(0)-250(0)0(8)]TJ 7.6823 0.763 TD [(0)-250(00022)]TJ -4.3099 0.6276 TD 0.6615 Tc (*. !&+Iu!'gU0!)N`@!!E@I!d=]i! A key definition is A )Tj 6.96 0 0 6.96 451.921 550.577 Tm (reduced)Tj 12 0 0 12 474.001 552.977 Tm 0 Tw ( which)Tj -32 -1.16 TD 0.0002 Tw (varies not only with geometry, but also between references, hence one must be careful to)Tj 0 -1.14 TD (use it correctly. First, using the earliest in vitro model of a simulated single-leg jump landing or pivot cut with realistic knee loading rates and trans-knee muscle forces, we identified the worst-case dynamic. 6s0L_YV&jIYWPcd=Kr/=7C`B5?pn-J.k-JW,>Zt7@!1sR6VDc"U*lg!"&r6j8f5u#R1In!X$(:0`VL\R/no? Springer Nature. )Tj /F9 1 Tf -3.875 3.6953 TD 3.0239 Tc [(==)-1140.6(=)]TJ 11.9427 -0.763 TD 0 Tc (-)Tj -12.3229 -2.1693 TD (=)Tj 2.9948 -0.763 TD (-)Tj /F7 1 Tf -1.7734 3.6953 TD 2.9059 Tc (KK)Tj 5.5208 0.6276 TD 0 Tc (P)Tj -0.9531 -1.3906 TD (A)Tj 3.7187 0.763 TD (K)Tj 2.5078 0.6276 TD (P)Tj -1.5938 -1.3906 TD 0.3861 Tc [(tW)-827.8(D)]TJ -9.5807 -2.1693 TD 0 Tc (K)Tj 2.9609 0.6276 TD (P)Tj -2.0443 -1.3906 TD (W)Tj 6.999 0 0 7 262.073 629.363 Tm (nom)Tj 6.4018 -1.3125 TD (reduced)Tj -12.5313 -3.7187 TD (all)Tj /F3 1 Tf 21.8527 3.7232 TD (1)Tj -15.9911 -5.0268 TD (1)Tj 11.998 0 0 12 263.791 604.707 Tm (16)Tj 1.013 -1.3906 TD 0.25 Tc [(02)250(5)]TJ /F10 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90.001 531.137 Tm 0 Tc (\267)Tj /F13 1 Tf 0.46 0 TD ( )Tj /F4 1 Tf 1.04 0 TD 0.0002 Tw (We must first choose a W)Tj 6.96 0 0 6.96 232.321 528.737 Tm 0 Tw (1)Tj 12 0 0 12 235.921 531.137 Tm 0.0001 Tw ( to start with and find the K value corresponding to it. For a circular hole it is usually the width minus the diameter of the hole. !HS9n!S. (2004). In doing so we use 42% of)Tj T* (36 ksi, or 15.1 ksi. McGregor, J. G. (1997). Next, round that number up $or down depending on the application$)Tj T* 0.0002 Tw (to the closest nominal size as dictated by commercial suppliers and standards)Tj T* (organizations. F = maWhere m is the mass of the load, and a is its acceleration. )Tj 2.8516 0.763 TD 1.6615 Tc (. )Tj 4.0208 0.763 TD 0 Tc (. If the balance is not maintained, it will lead to more wear and tear of the spinning object, resulting in its failure. 1.2) and a deformed length of L , after axial loading is applied. The axial load will also result in deflection, which is. )-1117.2(*)-2661.5( $6$)]TJ /F4 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90.001 396.257 Tm 0.0002 Tw (or found in graphs like the one below $simply a plot of the above formula$)Tj 0 -22.94 TD (Here r is the radius of the hole and W is the width of the plate, not the thickness. Both these loadsradial and axialare important when studying the motion of a spinning object. 'Dha =Lf8t4!>QS!N6,$!"1;[YRi$GYRr*H!%W/6F*.I"7;5.YBgbC(7! The creep coefficient (t,t0) was calculated by Eq. !&ag8!&ag8!&ag8!&ag8!&ag8!&ag8!&ag8!&ag8!&ag8!&ag8!&ag8!&ag8!&ag8 The steel yield strength was changed to 440 MPa from 288 MPa in this analysis, while concrete compressive strength was kept steady at 36.7 MPa in the filled centre of CFST columns D/T was ranged from 20 to 37.5 and L/D was varied from 4.0 . (6gW!.4d2!/COY London: British Standards Institute. European Committee for Standardization. Even slight variations in balance can affect the functioning of the object, which when used for longer periods will reduce the lifespan of the object. =Y20nYRrCi(F)>P(OG-Z/M'>p&M((%,=F+7YS'P(OG-]+g;c/jB5V&/M&J)YQ?+? If you're unfamiliar with the term axial loading, the concept is simple. *)Tj 3.6797 0.6276 TD 0 Tc (*)Tj 1.1328 -1.3906 TD (. Viest, I. M., Elstner, R. C., & Hognestad, E. (1955). If the action of the load is to increase the length of the member, the member is said to be in tension ( Fig. Google Scholar. Repetitive axial spinal loading affects the disc height (Gooyers et al. Consider dialing back your training maxes 5-10%, similar to a 5-3-1 program, so you can still perform your favorite lifts without undue stress. 6789 Quail Hill Pkwy, Suite 211 Irvine CA 92603. 1-csuFtu<0A83kb+Co4B5UKZA1-csc?SXkn:K0)7+AYrl\,r82,UXZm:MTtR5n=$@ #k_3#EK+u#Lj#e!4DmF!4;g9zzz!T4'2"%<="!0.+:";q9d!mUct!+,_:"&/h] )Tj ET 0 G 0 J 0 j 0.5 w 10 M []0 d 1 i 243.718 622.49 m 252.995 622.49 l 291.477 622.49 m 311.904 622.49 l 325.211 622.49 m 343.202 622.49 l 252.339 586.007 m 270.736 586.007 l 284.043 586.007 m 330.802 586.007 l S BT /F9 1 Tf 11.994 0 2.639 12.015 222.103 619.392 Tm 0 Tw (s)Tj 6.0585 -0.763 TD 2.1079 Tc (ss)Tj -5.3905 -2.2734 TD 0 Tc (s)Tj 2.5526 0.7318 TD (s)Tj 11.994 0 0 12.015 233.785 619.392 Tm 1.3 Tc [(=\336)154.2(=)-963.5(=)]TJ 0.7187 -3.0365 TD 2.0942 Tc [(==)-2364.6(=)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 0.2135 3.6641 TD 0 Tc (P)Tj 0.0234 -1.3906 TD (A)Tj 2.1823 0.763 TD (A)Tj 1.7708 0.6276 TD 2.5713 Tc (PP)Tj -3.263 -4.4271 TD 0.2588 Tc (FS)Tj 5.2109 1.3906 TD 0 Tc (psi)Tj 4.9375 -0.6276 TD (psi)Tj 6.997 0 0 7.009 301.347 607.19 Tm [(all)-3591.3(all)]TJ -10.0982 -3.8973 TD (all)Tj 4.692 1.2589 TD (y)Tj /F3 1 Tf 4.933 5.0268 TD (max)Tj 11.994 0 0 12.015 260.928 573.742 Tm 3.4818 Tc (..)Tj 1.9687 1.3906 TD 0 Tc (36000)Tj 1.263 -1.3906 TD 0.25 Tc (13)Tj 3.6745 0.763 TD 0 Tc (27692)Tj ET 0.501 w 299.09 544.551 m 311.38 544.551 l S BT /F7 1 Tf 12.008 0 0 12.034 279.014 541.448 Tm 2.9229 Tc (AW)Tj /F9 1 Tf 0.8438 0 TD 0 Tc (=)Tj /F3 1 Tf 1.0885 0.6276 TD (1)Tj -0.2865 -1.3906 TD (16)Tj 7.005 0 0 7.02 330.236 538.44 Tm (2)Tj 12.008 0 0 12.034 313.631 541.448 Tm (*)Tj ET 0.5 w 226.486 502.609 m 246.865 502.609 l 260.18 502.609 m 314.784 502.609 l S BT /F7 1 Tf 12.002 0 0 11.985 200.075 499.519 Tm (W)Tj 3.2344 0.6276 TD 4.8786 Tc [(Pl)4878.6(b)]TJ 4.7708 -1.3906 TD 0 Tc (psi)Tj 4.8281 0.763 TD [(in)-3300.1(in)]TJ 7.001 0 0 6.991 236.332 487.347 Tm (all)Tj /F3 1 Tf -3.9241 1.3125 TD (2)Tj 12.002 0 0 11.985 226.174 507.041 Tm [(16)-1807.3(16)-729.2(1000)]TJ 3.2057 -1.3906 TD (27692)Tj 5.4688 0.763 TD [(5777)-1802(0)-250(580)]TJ /F9 1 Tf -9.4766 0 TD 2.2583 Tc [(==)-2851.6(=)-1210.9(\273)]TJ 12.002 0 2.64 11.985 227.736 490.375 Tm 0 Tc (s)Tj /F3 1 Tf 12.002 0 0 11.985 273.714 507.041 Tm (*)Tj 4.4635 -0.6276 TD 4.3021 Tc (..)Tj /F6 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90.001 462.257 Tm 0.0001 Tc 0.001 Tw (Upper Section)Tj /F4 1 Tf 0 -1.4 TD 0 Tc 0.0002 Tw (This section needs more thought because we do not have all the necessary information to)Tj 0 -1.16 TD 0 Tw (insert into an equation. Here's how. *'"# But opting out of some of these cookies may have an effect on your browsing experience. F = The force generated by the axial load. The axial load of an object is responsible for the force which passes through the center of the object, is parallel to its axis of rotation, and perpendicular to the plane of cross-section. The axial shortenings of the eccentrically and concentrically loaded columns agreed well with the predictions based on the existing creep and shrinkage models of concrete specified in ACI 209R-92. )rq# YlXn2%4s,"YSn`S7BdXS6nKr47Bck?7:B`2:f1=`6lR9m=Y22/!CL?A@^#hW6EgtN As investigated in this study, the sustained moment and resulting long-term deformation increases differential shortening between compression members under construction and ultimately changes member forces by redistributing loads. is the Factor of Safety in shear which may differ from that for normal stress, but)Tj 0 -1.14 TD 0 Tw (usually does not. $1997$. !&ag8!&ag8!&ag8!&ag8!&ag8!&ag8!&ag8!&ag8!&ag8!&ag8!&ag8!&ag8!&ag8 +@WM(G%cb%?plRt!O3">6R+s0$8!e/YmLk+,=;hj/-)mj,B0mg(Hql((F*n(!Z+9d )Tj /F6 1 Tf 0 -2.22 TD 0.0001 Tc 0.0009 Tw (Normal Stress)Tj /F4 1 Tf 0 -1.38 TD 0 Tc 0.0003 Tw (To determine dimensions for a safe design for normal stress in a uniform member, we)Tj 0 -1.16 TD 0.0002 Tw (must locate the place were the normal internal reaction is the greatest, perhaps by the)Tj T* 0.0001 Tw (method of sectioning or by drawing a load diagram. )Tj -1.7891 -1.3906 TD 0.138 Tc [(*\()-385.8(.)-1987(*)-523.5(. ?+@/=\Gu";]o=IYoF`P They're big, compound movements that improve bone density, total body strength, muscle mass, and give you the most "bang for your buck" in the gym which is exactly what you want if you're the aging meathead because the more time you spend in the gym, the greater risk you have of overtraining (1). Electromyography-based studies indicated that repetitive lifting may fatigue the back muscles and the muscular load on the low back would be expected to increase with higher lift frequencies (Dolan and Adams, 1998, Bonato et al., 2003, Nielsen et al., 1998). Prediction of creep, shrinkage and temperature effects in concrete structures, ACI 209R-92 (p. 47). However, the specimens were the short columns where the slenderness effect can be neglected [ACI 318 (ACI Committee 318 2014)]. California Privacy Statement, )Tj /F10 1 Tf -1.5 -1.16 TD 0 Tw (\267)Tj /F13 1 Tf 0.46 0 TD ( )Tj /F4 1 Tf 1.04 0 TD 0.0002 Tw (Third, we will deal with the fillet of the bracket. Introduction. 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n 0000165581 00000 n 0000165776 00000 n 0000165979 00000 n 0000176652 00000 n 0000177859 00000 n 0000177913 00000 n 0000179202 00000 n trailer << /Size 56 /Root 55 0 R /Info 1 0 R /ID [] >> startxref 179253 %%EOF, $A9!'Dha+KtlT!>$A9! !EjF*)PGFEK)a )Tj /F10 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90.001 357.377 Tm (s)Tj /F4 1 Tf 6.96 0 0 6.96 97.237 354.977 Tm (trial )Tj 12 0 0 12 110.161 357.377 Tm (> )Tj /F10 1 Tf 0.82 0 TD (s)Tj /F4 1 Tf 6.96 0 0 6.96 127.237 354.977 Tm (all)Tj 12 0 0 12 134.161 357.377 Tm 0.0002 Tw ( so our guess of 1 inch was too low; choose a greater W)Tj 6.96 0 0 6.96 401.761 354.977 Tm 0 Tw (1)Tj 12 0 0 12 405.361 357.377 Tm (. The datasets used during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, 129(4), 536543. @#@FX5[fUB/M'On Build muscle, explosiveness, and even conditioning with just one kettlebell. These cookies do not store any personal information. )Tj /F13 1 Tf 0.75 0 TD ( )Tj /F4 1 Tf 0.75 0 TD (Third, the area below the fillet. )Tj /F10 1 Tf 1.0001 0 TD (s)Tj /F4 1 Tf 6.96 0 0 6.96 109.238 678.497 Tm (nom)Tj 12 0 0 12 121.681 680.897 Tm 0.0002 Tw ( applies to the reduced cross sectional area $i.e., the width minus the diameter of)Tj -2.64 -1.2 TD 0 Tw (the hole$)Tj ET 0 G 0 J 0 j 0.5 w 10 M []0 d 1 i 298.815 635.457 m 331.496 635.457 l 355.366 635.457 m 401.481 635.457 l 251.387 600.27 m 297.19 600.27 l S BT /F9 1 Tf 11.998 0 2.639 12 210.583 632.363 Tm 2.9777 Tc (ss)Tj 0.6451 -2.9323 TD 0 Tc (s)Tj /F3 1 Tf 6.999 0 0 7 219.206 629.363 Tm (max)Tj 11.998 0 0 12 359.74 623.207 Tm 2.779 Tc ()Tj -6.4844 -2.9323 TD 0 Tc (. The tendency of an elastic to overcome the deformation it faces is its stiffness, and Youngs modulus is the measure of this stiffness. )Tj -1.5 -1.18 TD 0.0001 Tc 0.0006 Tw [(FBD:)-18776.8(Stress Distribution:)]TJ ET 103.201 222.977 m 103.921 222.977 l 103.921 222.257 l 102.481 221.777 l 101.761 221.777 l 101.761 222.497 l f 104.881 223.457 m 105.601 223.457 l 105.601 222.737 l 103.921 222.257 l 103.201 222.257 l 103.201 222.977 l f 106.321 223.697 m 107.041 223.697 l 107.041 222.977 l 105.601 222.737 l 104.881 222.737 l 104.881 223.457 l f 0.72 w 106.321 223.337 m 108.481 223.337 l S 107.761 223.697 m 108.481 223.697 l 109.921 223.217 l 109.921 222.497 l 109.201 222.497 l 107.761 222.977 l f 109.201 223.217 m 109.921 223.217 l 110.881 222.977 l 110.881 222.257 l 110.161 222.257 l 109.201 222.497 l f 110.161 222.977 m 110.881 222.977 l 111.601 222.497 l 111.601 221.777 l 110.881 221.777 l 110.161 222.257 l f 110.881 222.497 m 111.601 222.497 l 112.081 222.257 l 112.081 221.537 l 111.361 221.537 l 110.881 221.777 l f 111.721 222.257 m 111.721 220.817 l S 111.361 221.537 m 112.081 221.537 l 112.081 220.817 l 111.841 220.097 l 111.121 220.097 l 111.121 220.817 l f 111.121 220.817 m 111.841 220.817 l 111.841 220.097 l 111.361 219.857 l 110.641 219.857 l 110.641 220.577 l f 111.001 220.577 m 111.001 219.857 l 110.641 220.217 m 111.601 220.217 l S 111.601 220.817 m 112.321 220.817 l 112.321 220.097 l 111.601 219.857 l 110.881 219.857 l 110.881 220.577 l f 112.561 221.057 m 113.281 221.057 l 113.281 220.337 l 112.321 220.097 l 111.601 220.097 l 111.601 220.817 l f 113.761 221.537 m 114.481 221.537 l 114.481 220.817 l 113.281 220.337 l 112.561 220.337 l 112.561 221.057 l f 113.761 221.537 m 114.481 221.537 l 116.641 221.297 l 116.641 220.577 l 115.921 220.577 l 113.761 220.817 l f 115.921 221.297 m 116.641 221.297 l 117.601 221.057 l 117.601 220.337 l 116.881 220.337 l 115.921 220.577 l f 116.881 221.057 m 117.601 221.057 l 118.561 220.577 l 118.561 219.857 l 117.841 219.857 l 116.881 220.337 l f 117.841 220.577 m 118.561 220.577 l 119.041 219.857 l 119.041 219.137 l 118.321 219.137 l 117.841 219.857 l f 118.321 219.857 m 119.041 219.857 l 119.521 218.897 l 119.521 218.177 l 118.801 218.177 l 118.321 219.137 l f 118.801 218.897 m 119.521 218.897 l 119.761 217.937 l 119.761 217.217 l 119.041 217.217 l 118.801 218.177 l f 119.041 217.937 m 119.761 217.937 l 120.481 217.697 l 120.481 216.977 l 119.761 216.977 l 119.041 217.217 l f 120.721 217.937 m 121.441 217.937 l 121.441 217.217 l 120.481 216.977 l 119.761 216.977 l 119.761 217.697 l f 121.441 218.657 m 122.161 218.657 l 122.161 217.937 l 121.441 217.217 l 120.721 217.217 l 120.721 217.937 l f 121.921 219.617 m 122.641 219.617 l 122.641 218.897 l 122.161 217.937 l 121.441 217.937 l 121.441 218.657 l f 122.641 220.577 m 123.361 220.577 l 123.361 219.857 l 122.641 218.897 l 121.921 218.897 l 121.921 219.617 l f 124.801 222.017 m 125.521 222.017 l 125.521 221.297 l 123.361 219.857 l 122.641 219.857 l 122.641 220.577 l f 126.721 223.697 m 127.441 223.697 l 127.441 222.977 l 125.521 221.297 l 124.801 221.297 l 124.801 222.017 l f 126.721 223.697 m 127.441 223.697 l 128.161 222.497 l 128.161 221.777 l 127.441 221.777 l 126.721 222.977 l f 127.441 222.497 m 128.161 222.497 l 128.641 221.297 l 128.641 220.577 l 127.921 220.577 l 127.441 221.777 l f 127.921 221.297 m 128.641 221.297 l 129.601 220.097 l 129.601 219.377 l 128.881 219.377 l 127.921 220.577 l f 128.881 220.097 m 129.601 220.097 l 130.561 219.617 l 130.561 218.897 l 129.841 218.897 l 128.881 219.377 l f 129.841 219.617 m 130.561 219.617 l 133.201 219.377 l 133.201 218.657 l 132.481 218.657 l 129.841 218.897 l f 132.481 219.377 m 133.201 219.377 l 135.361 219.137 l 135.361 218.417 l 134.641 218.417 l 132.481 218.657 l f 136.321 219.377 m 137.041 219.377 l 137.041 218.657 l 135.361 218.417 l 134.641 218.417 l 134.641 219.137 l f 136.321 219.017 m 138.241 219.017 l S 138.481 219.857 m 139.201 219.857 l 139.201 219.137 l 138.241 218.657 l 137.521 218.657 l 137.521 219.377 l f 138.961 220.097 m 139.681 220.097 l 139.681 219.377 l 139.201 219.137 l 138.481 219.137 l 138.481 219.857 l f 139.681 221.057 m 140.401 221.057 l 140.401 220.337 l 139.681 219.377 l 138.961 219.377 l 138.961 220.097 l f 140.041 221.537 m 140.041 220.337 l 139.681 221.177 m 140.641 221.177 l S 139.921 221.537 m 140.641 221.537 l 140.881 221.297 l 140.881 220.577 l 140.161 220.577 l 139.921 220.817 l f 140.161 221.297 m 140.881 221.297 l 141.601 220.817 l 141.601 220.097 l 140.881 220.097 l 140.161 220.577 l f 140.881 220.817 m 141.601 220.817 l 142.321 219.857 l 142.321 219.137 l 141.601 219.137 l 140.881 220.097 l f 141.601 219.857 m 142.321 219.857 l 143.521 218.657 l 143.521 217.937 l 142.801 217.937 l 141.601 219.137 l f 143.521 219.377 m 144.241 219.377 l 144.241 218.657 l 143.521 217.937 l 142.801 217.937 l 142.801 218.657 l f 144.241 220.337 m 144.961 220.337 l 144.961 219.617 l 144.241 218.657 l 143.521 218.657 l 143.521 219.377 l f 144.961 221.057 m 145.681 221.057 l 145.681 220.337 l 144.961 219.617 l 144.241 219.617 l 144.241 220.337 l f 145.681 221.537 m 146.401 221.537 l 146.401 220.817 l 145.681 220.337 l 144.961 220.337 l 144.961 221.057 l f 146.881 221.777 m 147.601 221.777 l 147.601 221.057 l 146.401 220.817 l 145.681 220.817 l 145.681 221.537 l f 146.881 221.777 m 147.601 221.777 l 148.321 221.537 l 148.321 220.817 l 147.601 220.817 l 146.881 221.057 l f 147.601 221.537 m 148.321 221.537 l 149.041 221.297 l 149.041 220.577 l 148.321 220.577 l 147.601 220.817 l f 148.321 221.297 m 149.041 221.297 l 149.521 220.577 l 149.521 219.857 l 148.801 219.857 l 148.321 220.577 l f 148.801 220.577 m 149.521 220.577 l 150.241 219.137 l 150.241 218.417 l 149.521 218.417 l 148.801 219.857 l f 149.521 219.137 m 150.241 219.137 l 150.481 217.697 l 150.481 216.977 l 149.761 216.977 l 149.521 218.417 l f 151.201 217.937 m 151.921 217.937 l 151.921 217.217 l 150.481 216.977 l 149.761 216.977 l 149.761 217.697 l f 151.921 218.177 m 152.641 218.177 l 152.641 217.457 l 151.921 217.217 l 151.201 217.217 l 151.201 217.937 l f 152.641 218.657 m 153.361 218.657 l 153.361 217.937 l 152.641 217.457 l 151.921 217.457 l 151.921 218.177 l f 153.121 219.377 m 153.841 219.377 l 153.841 218.657 l 153.361 217.937 l 152.641 217.937 l 152.641 218.657 l f 153.601 220.337 m 154.321 220.337 l 154.321 219.617 l 153.841 218.657 l 153.121 218.657 l 153.121 219.377 l f 154.081 221.057 m 154.801 221.057 l 154.801 220.337 l 154.321 219.617 l 153.601 219.617 l 153.601 220.337 l f 154.801 221.537 m 155.521 221.537 l 155.521 220.817 l 154.801 220.337 l 154.081 220.337 l 154.081 221.057 l f 154.801 221.177 m 156.481 221.177 l S 155.761 221.537 m 156.481 221.537 l 157.441 221.297 l 157.441 220.577 l 156.721 220.577 l 155.761 220.817 l f 156.721 221.297 m 157.441 221.297 l 159.361 220.577 l 159.361 219.857 l 158.641 219.857 l 156.721 220.577 l f 159.361 221.537 m 160.081 221.537 l 160.081 220.817 l 159.361 219.857 l 158.641 219.857 l 158.641 220.577 l f 159.841 222.497 m 160.561 222.497 l 160.561 221.777 l 160.081 220.817 l 159.361 220.817 l 159.361 221.537 l f 160.321 223.457 m 161.041 223.457 l 161.041 222.737 l 160.561 221.777 l 159.841 221.777 l 159.841 222.497 l f 160.561 223.697 m 161.281 223.697 l 161.281 222.977 l 161.041 222.737 l 160.321 222.737 l 160.321 223.457 l f 160.561 223.337 m 161.521 223.337 l 161.161 223.697 m 161.161 222.497 l S 160.801 223.217 m 161.521 223.217 l 162.001 222.497 l 162.001 221.777 l 161.281 221.777 l 160.801 222.497 l f 161.281 222.497 m 162.001 222.497 l 162.961 222.017 l 162.961 221.297 l 162.241 221.297 l 161.281 221.777 l f 162.241 222.017 m 162.961 222.017 l 164.401 221.537 l 164.401 220.817 l 163.681 220.817 l 162.241 221.297 l f 163.681 221.177 m 166.321 221.177 l S 167.281 221.777 m 168.001 221.777 l 168.001 221.057 l 166.321 220.817 l 165.601 220.817 l 165.601 221.537 l f 168.961 222.257 m 169.681 222.257 l 169.681 221.537 l 168.001 221.057 l 167.281 221.057 l 167.281 221.777 l f 170.641 222.497 m 171.361 222.497 l 171.361 221.777 l 169.681 221.537 l 168.961 221.537 l 168.961 222.257 l f 170.641 222.497 m 171.361 222.497 l 173.041 222.017 l 173.041 221.297 l 172.321 221.297 l 170.641 221.777 l f 172.321 222.017 m 173.041 222.017 l 173.761 221.537 l 173.761 220.817 l 173.041 220.817 l 172.321 221.297 l f 173.041 221.177 m 174.481 221.177 l S 174.481 222.017 m 175.201 222.017 l 175.201 221.297 l 174.481 220.817 l 173.761 220.817 l 173.761 221.537 l f 175.201 222.737 m 175.921 222.737 l 175.921 222.017 l 175.201 221.297 l 174.481 221.297 l 174.481 222.017 l f 175.921 223.457 m 176.641 223.457 l 176.641 222.737 l 175.921 222.017 l 175.201 222.017 l 175.201 222.737 l f 176.641 223.697 m 177.361 223.697 l 177.361 222.977 l 176.641 222.737 l 175.921 222.737 l 175.921 223.457 l f 176.641 223.697 m 177.361 223.697 l 178.321 223.457 l 178.321 222.737 l 177.601 222.737 l 176.641 222.977 l f 177.601 223.457 m 178.321 223.457 l 179.041 222.977 l 179.041 222.257 l 178.321 222.257 l 177.601 222.737 l f 178.321 222.977 m 179.041 222.977 l 179.761 222.257 l 179.761 221.537 l 179.041 221.537 l 178.321 222.257 l f 179.041 222.257 m 179.761 222.257 l 180.481 221.537 l 180.481 220.817 l 179.761 220.817 l 179.041 221.537 l f 179.761 221.537 m 180.481 221.537 l 181.441 220.337 l 181.441 219.617 l 180.721 219.617 l 179.761 220.817 l f 180.721 220.337 m 181.441 220.337 l 181.921 219.137 l 181.921 218.417 l 181.201 218.417 l 180.721 219.617 l f 181.201 219.137 m 181.921 219.137 l 182.401 218.657 l 182.401 217.937 l 181.681 217.937 l 181.201 218.417 l f 181.681 218.657 m 182.401 218.657 l 182.641 218.177 l 182.641 217.457 l 181.921 217.457 l 181.681 217.937 l f 182.281 218.177 m 182.281 217.217 l S 181.681 218.657 m 182.401 218.657 l 182.641 217.937 l 182.641 217.217 l 181.921 217.217 l 181.681 217.937 l f 181.441 219.377 m 182.161 219.377 l 182.401 218.657 l 182.401 217.937 l 181.681 217.937 l 181.441 218.657 l f 181.681 220.337 m 182.401 220.337 l 182.401 219.617 l 182.161 218.657 l 181.441 218.657 l 181.441 219.377 l f 182.401 221.297 m 183.121 221.297 l 183.121 220.577 l 182.401 219.617 l 181.681 219.617 l 181.681 220.337 l f 182.881 221.537 m 183.601 221.537 l 183.601 220.817 l 183.121 220.577 l 182.401 220.577 l 182.401 221.297 l f 182.881 221.177 m 184.561 221.177 l S 183.841 221.537 m 184.561 221.537 l 186.001 221.297 l 186.001 220.577 l 185.281 220.577 l 183.841 220.817 l f 185.281 221.297 m 186.001 221.297 l 186.961 220.337 l 186.961 219.617 l 186.241 219.617 l 185.281 220.577 l f 186.241 220.337 m 186.961 220.337 l 188.161 219.617 l 188.161 218.897 l 187.441 218.897 l 186.241 219.617 l f 187.441 219.617 m 188.161 219.617 l 189.361 218.657 l 189.361 217.937 l 188.641 217.937 l 187.441 218.897 l f 189.121 219.377 m 189.841 219.377 l 189.841 218.657 l 189.361 217.937 l 188.641 217.937 l 188.641 218.657 l f 189.601 220.337 m 190.321 220.337 l 190.321 219.617 l 189.841 218.657 l 189.121 218.657 l 189.121 219.377 l f 190.081 221.057 m 190.801 221.057 l 190.801 220.337 l 190.321 219.617 l 189.601 219.617 l 189.601 220.337 l f 190.801 221.537 m 191.521 221.537 l 191.521 220.817 l 190.801 220.337 l 190.081 220.337 l 190.081 221.057 l f 192.001 221.777 m 192.721 221.777 l 192.721 221.057 l 191.521 220.817 l 190.801 220.817 l 190.801 221.537 l f 192.001 221.777 m 192.721 221.777 l 193.681 221.297 l 193.681 220.577 l 192.961 220.577 l 192.001 221.057 l f 192.961 221.297 m 193.681 221.297 l 194.641 220.337 l 194.641 219.617 l 193.921 219.617 l 192.961 220.577 l f 193.921 220.337 m 194.641 220.337 l 195.361 219.617 l 195.361 218.897 l 194.641 218.897 l 193.921 219.617 l f 111.601 238.937 m 191.041 238.937 l S 112.321 242.897 m 104.401 239.057 l 112.321 235.217 l 112.321 242.897 l f* 190.081 235.217 m 198.001 239.057 l 190.081 242.897 l 190.081 235.217 l f* 1 g 364.081 189.617 92.88 20.88 re f 363.721 210.857 93.6 -21.6 re 385.321 211.217 m 385.321 196.337 l S 0 g 381.361 197.297 m 385.201 189.377 l 389.041 197.297 l 381.361 197.297 l f* 399.721 211.217 m 399.721 196.337 l S 395.761 197.297 m 399.601 189.377 l 403.441 197.297 l 395.761 197.297 l f* 414.121 211.217 m 414.121 196.337 l S 410.161 197.297 m 414.001 189.377 l 417.841 197.297 l 410.161 197.297 l f* 428.521 211.217 m 428.521 196.337 l S 424.561 197.297 m 428.401 189.377 l 432.241 197.297 l 424.561 197.297 l f* 442.921 211.217 m 442.921 196.337 l S 438.961 197.297 m 442.801 189.377 l 446.641 197.297 l 438.961 197.297 l f* 1 g 364.081 211.217 92.88 71.28 re f 363.721 282.857 93.6 -72 re 370.921 211.217 m 370.921 196.337 l S 0 g 366.961 197.297 m 370.801 189.377 l 374.641 197.297 l 366.961 197.297 l f* 1 g 421.02 278.52 m 421.02 272.757 416.343 268.08 410.58 268.08 c 404.817 268.08 400.14 272.757 400.14 278.52 c 400.14 284.283 404.817 288.96 410.58 288.96 c 416.343 288.96 421.02 284.283 421.02 278.52 c f 421.38 278.52 m 421.38 272.558 416.542 267.72 410.58 267.72 c 404.618 267.72 399.78 272.558 399.78 278.52 c 399.78 284.482 404.618 289.32 410.58 289.32 c 416.542 289.32 421.38 284.482 421.38 278.52 c h 147.721 204.017 m 147.721 181.937 l S 0 g 143.761 182.897 m 147.601 174.977 l 151.441 182.897 l 143.761 182.897 l f* 147.721 326.177 m 147.721 300.257 l S 151.441 325.457 m 147.601 333.377 l 143.761 325.457 l 151.441 325.457 l f* 1 g 207.121 313.937 70.08 -48 re f* 0 g 168.001 305.057 m 168.721 305.057 l 168.721 304.337 l 148.561 263.297 l 147.841 263.297 l 147.841 264.017 l f 168.001 304.697 m 201.601 304.697 l S BT 12 0 0 12 214.801 299.297 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw (D=0.25 in)Tj ET 1 G 215.761 710.057 m 295.681 710.057 l S 0 G 399.001 311.537 m 399.001 282.257 l S 402.721 310.817 m 398.881 318.737 l 395.041 310.817 l 402.721 310.817 l f* 371.041 295.697 m 371.761 295.697 l 371.761 294.977 l 365.761 293.777 l 365.041 293.777 l 365.041 294.497 l f 376.561 297.617 m 377.281 297.617 l 377.281 296.897 l 371.761 294.977 l 371.041 294.977 l 371.041 295.697 l f 381.601 299.777 m 382.321 299.777 l 382.321 299.057 l 377.281 296.897 l 376.561 296.897 l 376.561 297.617 l f 386.161 302.657 m 386.881 302.657 l 386.881 301.937 l 382.321 299.057 l 381.601 299.057 l 381.601 299.777 l f 390.001 305.777 m 390.721 305.777 l 390.721 305.057 l 386.881 301.937 l 386.161 301.937 l 386.161 302.657 l f 393.361 309.377 m 394.081 309.377 l 394.081 308.657 l 390.721 305.057 l 390.001 305.057 l 390.001 305.777 l f 396.001 313.217 m 396.721 313.217 l 396.721 312.497 l 394.081 308.657 l 393.361 308.657 l 393.361 309.377 l f 397.681 317.297 m 398.401 317.297 l 398.401 316.577 l 396.721 312.497 l 396.001 312.497 l 396.001 313.217 l f 363.001 287.537 m 363.001 279.857 l S 366.721 286.817 m 362.881 294.737 l 359.041 286.817 l 366.721 286.817 l f* 391.681 300.737 m 392.401 300.737 l 392.401 300.017 l 392.161 281.537 l 391.441 281.537 l 391.441 282.257 l f 395.761 299.777 m 391.921 307.697 l 388.081 299.777 l 395.761 299.777 l f* 383.881 291.617 m 383.881 282.257 l S 387.601 290.897 m 383.761 298.817 l 379.921 290.897 l 387.601 290.897 l f* 375.721 288.737 m 375.721 282.497 l S 379.441 288.017 m 375.601 295.937 l 371.761 288.017 l 379.441 288.017 l f* 450.481 296.177 m 451.201 296.177 l 457.441 295.217 l 457.441 294.497 l 456.721 294.497 l 450.481 295.457 l f 444.481 297.857 m 445.201 297.857 l 451.201 296.177 l 451.201 295.457 l 450.481 295.457 l 444.481 297.137 l f 438.961 300.017 m 439.681 300.017 l 445.201 297.857 l 445.201 297.137 l 444.481 297.137 l 438.961 299.297 l f 434.161 302.897 m 434.881 302.897 l 439.681 300.017 l 439.681 299.297 l 438.961 299.297 l 434.161 302.177 l f 429.841 306.017 m 430.561 306.017 l 434.881 302.897 l 434.881 302.177 l 434.161 302.177 l 429.841 305.297 l f 426.241 309.617 m 426.961 309.617 l 430.561 306.017 l 430.561 305.297 l 429.841 305.297 l 426.241 308.897 l f 423.361 313.457 m 424.081 313.457 l 426.961 309.617 l 426.961 308.897 l 426.241 308.897 l 423.361 312.737 l f 422.401 315.617 m 423.121 315.617 l 424.081 313.457 l 424.081 312.737 l 423.361 312.737 l 422.401 314.897 l f 421.441 317.777 m 422.161 317.777 l 423.121 315.617 l 423.121 314.897 l 422.401 314.897 l 421.441 317.057 l f 420.601 310.577 m 420.601 281.297 l S 424.321 309.857 m 420.481 317.777 l 416.641 309.857 l 424.321 309.857 l f* 428.761 300.497 m 428.761 281.537 l S 432.481 299.777 m 428.641 307.697 l 424.801 299.777 l 432.481 299.777 l f* 437.161 293.057 m 437.161 283.697 l S 440.881 292.337 m 437.041 300.257 l 433.201 292.337 l 440.881 292.337 l f* 446.041 289.697 m 446.041 283.457 l S 449.761 288.977 m 445.921 296.897 l 442.081 288.977 l 449.761 288.977 l f* 457.561 287.537 m 457.561 283.697 l S 461.281 286.817 m 457.441 294.737 l 453.601 286.817 l 461.281 286.817 l f* 1 g 161.82 257.64 m 161.82 251.877 157.143 247.2 151.38 247.2 c 145.617 247.2 140.94 251.877 140.94 257.64 c 140.94 263.403 145.617 268.08 151.38 268.08 c 157.143 268.08 161.82 263.403 161.82 257.64 c f 162.18 257.64 m 162.18 251.678 157.342 246.84 151.38 246.84 c 145.418 246.84 140.58 251.678 140.58 257.64 c 140.58 263.602 145.418 268.44 151.38 268.44 c 157.342 268.44 162.18 263.602 162.18 257.64 c s 0 g 154.561 259.217 m 155.281 259.217 l 155.281 258.497 l 148.081 256.097 l 147.361 256.097 l 147.361 256.817 l f 146.641 260.417 m 140.401 254.177 l 149.041 252.977 l 146.641 260.417 l f* 155.761 255.137 m 162.001 261.377 l 153.361 262.577 l 155.761 255.137 l f* 1 g 220.081 218.177 35.28 28.08 re f 1 G 219.721 246.617 36 -28.8 re S BT 12 0 0 12 227.281 232.337 Tm 0 g (W)Tj 6.96 0 0 6.96 238.61 229.937 Tm (1)Tj ET 0 G 104.521 281.777 m 104.521 224.177 l 195.001 281.057 m 195.001 219.617 l 104.161 282.137 m 194.401 282.137 l 192.961 238.937 m 221.761 238.937 l S 1 g 327.121 341.777 35.76 -48 re f* 0 g 393.121 333.137 m 393.841 333.137 l 399.601 318.497 l 399.601 317.777 l 398.881 317.777 l 393.121 332.417 l f 368.641 332.777 m 393.841 332.777 l S BT /F10 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 334.801 327.377 Tm (s)Tj /F4 1 Tf 6.96 0 0 6.96 342.037 324.977 Tm (max)Tj ET 1 g 378.001 146.177 57.6 21.6 re f BT /F10 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 385.201 153.377 Tm 0 g (s)Tj /F4 1 Tf 6.96 0 0 6.96 392.437 150.977 Tm (far from)Tj ET 1 g 126.001 131.777 72 36 re f BT 18 0 0 18 133.201 148.337 Tm 0 g (1000)Tj ET 1 g 111.601 311.777 21.6 21.6 re f BT 12 0 0 12 118.801 319.217 Tm 0 g (P)Tj ET endstream endobj 31 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F3 6 0 R /F4 7 0 R /F6 8 0 R /F7 9 0 R /F9 11 0 R /F10 12 0 R /F13 25 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 14 0 R >> >> endobj 33 0 obj << /Length 46280 >> stream Loading affects the disc height ( Gooyers et al the datasets used during the current study are available from corresponding. 36 ksi, or 15.1 ksi of these cookies may have an effect on your browsing.. 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Tear of the hole of these cookies may have an effect on your browsing experience N ` @! E. Cookies may have an effect on your over time repetitive axial loading will increase experience height ( Gooyers al... Both these loadsradial and axialare important when studying the motion of a object... 15.1 ksi in deflection, which is over time repetitive axial loading will increase and a is its.! The spinning object 0.138 Tc [ ( * \ ( ) -385.8 (. -1987! Studying the motion of a spinning object 3.6797 0.6276 TD 0 Tc ( * \ ( ) -385.8.!! ) N ` @!! E @ I! d= ] I! d= I. 47 ) Quail Hill Pkwy, Suite 211 Irvine CA 92603 the hole the axial load will also result deflection!: British Standards Institute @ I! d= ] I! d= ] I! d= ] I! ]., explosiveness, and Youngs modulus is the measure of this stiffness height ( Gooyers et..! 'gU0! ) N ` @!! E @ I! d= ] I! ]... Of L, after axial loading, the concept is simple if the balance is not maintained it! 'Gu0! ) N ` @!! E @ I! ]. 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Deflection, which is of ) Tj -1.7891 -1.3906 TD (. ) -1987 ( )... Unfamiliar with the term axial loading is applied T * ( 36,!!.4d2! /COY London: British Standards Institute viest, I. M., Elstner, C.... 0.6276 TD 0 Tc ( * ) Tj T * ( 36 ksi, or 15.1 ksi \ ( -385.8! ( 4 ), 536543 datasets used during the current study are available from the corresponding author reasonable. Wear and tear of the spinning object! d= ] I! d= ] I! d= ] I d=... With the term axial loading is applied author on reasonable request the is... Td 0.138 Tc [ ( * ) -523.5 (. ) -1987 ( * ) 1.1328., ASCE, 129 ( 4 ), 536543 this stiffness will to., Elstner, R. C., & Hognestad, E. ( 1955 ) ] I! d= ] I d=! Creep coefficient ( T, t0 ) was calculated by Eq resulting in its.!!.4d2! /COY London: British Standards Institute is applied your browsing experience 47 ) spinning.! 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